New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg is lobbying for the authority to install cameras that will issue traffic tickets not to promote safety, but to promote bus service. The devices would monitor lanes on city streets that have been taken away from general purpose use and designated "bus only." Any vehicle straying into one of these lanes -- even momentarily -- would be photographed and the owner would receive a ticket for $115 in the mail weeks later.

"To ensure the success of the Bus Rapid Transit and Bus Mobility Demonstration Program, it is imperative that the designated bus lanes remain free of unauthorized motor vehicles," the legislation's official summary explained. "Accordingly, the mayor urges the earliest possible favorable consideration of this proposal by the legislature."

The idea of bus lane ticketing was imported from the city of London where Mayor Ken Livingstone championed their use along with a congestion tax. By 2005, that city's test program had generated 426,000 citations and more than £30 million (US $60 million) in revenue. This week, Livingstone lost his bid for re-election by a six-point margin.

If adopted by the legislature, New York City's pilot project would only cover fifty miles worth of streets and operate from 7am to 7pm on weekdays. Assembly Bill 10233 merely adds bus lane ticketing to an existing law authorizing New York City to ticket vehicle owners with red light cameras.

Article Excerpt:

S T A T E O F N E W Y O R K
10233--A
I N A S S E M B L Y
March 11, 2008

Introduced by M. of A. BING, KELLNER, ROSENTHAL, GOTTFRIED, CUSICK, BROOK-KRASNY, BENEDETTO, R. DIAZ, LANCMAN, MARKEY, SCHIMEL, CLARK --
Multi-Sponsored by -- M. of A. GALEF, HYER-SPENCER, JEFFRIES, PHEFFER, TITONE -- read once and referred to the Committee on Transportation --committee discharged, bill amended, ordered reprinted as amended and recommitted to said committee

AN ACT to amend the vehicle and traffic law and the public officers law, in relation to establishing in a city with a population of one million or more a bus rapid transit and bus mobility demonstration program to enforce restrictions on the use of bus lanes by means of bus lane photo devices; and providing for the repeal of such provisions upon expiration thereof

THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK, REPRESENTED IN SENATE AND ASSEMBLY, DO ENACT AS FOLLOWS:
S 12. The vehicle and traffic law is amended by adding a new section 1111-b to read as follows:
S 1111-B. OWNER LIABILITY FOR FAILURE OF OPERATOR TO COMPLY WITH BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS. (A) NOTWITHSTANDING ANY OTHER PROVISION OF LAW, EACH CITY WITH A POPULATION OF ONE MILLION OR MORE IS HEREBY AUTHORIZED AND EMPOWERED TO ESTABLISH A BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IMPOSING MONETARY LIABILITY ON THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE FOR FAILURE OF AN OPERATOR THEREOF TO COMPLY WITH BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS IN SUCH CITY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF THIS SECTION. THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION OF SUCH CITY, FOR PURPOSES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUCH PROGRAM, SHALL OPERATE BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICES ONLY WITHIN SUCH BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM IN SUCH CITY. SUCH BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICES MAY BE STATIONARY OR MOBILE AND SHALL BE ACTIVATED AT LOCATIONS DETERMINED BY SUCH DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION AND/OR ON BUSES SELECTED BY SUCH DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION IN CONSULTATION WITH THE APPLICABLE MASS TRANSIT AGENCY. WITHIN A CITY WITH A POPULATION OF ONE MILLION OR MORE, SUCH BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICES SHALL BE OPERATED ON NO MORE THAN FIFTY MILES OF BUS LANES WITHIN SUCH CITY AND ONLY DURING WEEKDAYS FROM 7:00 A.M. TO 7:00 P.M.

(B) IN ANY CITY THAT HAS ESTABLISHED A BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION, THE OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION IF SUCH VEHICLE WAS USED OR OPERATED WITH THE PERMISSION OF THE OWNER, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IN VIOLATION OF ANY BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS THAT APPLY TO ROUTES WITHIN SUCH DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM, AND SUCH VIOLATION IS EVIDENCE BY INFORMATION OBTAINED FROM A BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICE; PROVIDED HOWEVER THAT NO OWNER OF A VEHICLE SHALL BE LIABLE FOR A PENALTY IMPOSED PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION WHERE THE OPERATOR OF SUCH VEHICLE HAS BEEN CONVICTED OF THE UNDERLYING VIOLATION OF ANY BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS.

(C) FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, THE FOLLOWING TERMS SHALL MEAN:
1. "OWNER" SHALL HAVE THE MEANING PROVIDED IN ARTICLE TWO-B OF THIS CHAPTER.
2. "BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICE" SHALL MEAN A DEVICE THAT IS CAPABLE OF OPERATING INDEPENDENTLY OF AN ENFORCEMENT OFFICER AND PRODUCES ONE OR MORE IMAGES OF EACH VEHICLE AT THE TIME IT IS IN VIOLATION OF BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS.

3. "BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS" SHALL MEAN RESTRICTIONS ON THE USE OF DESIGNATED TRAFFIC LANES BY VEHICLES OTHER THAN BUSES IMPOSED ON ROUTES WITHIN A BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM BY RULE OR SIGNS ERECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION OF A CITY THAT ESTABLISHES SUCH A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION.

4. "BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM" SHALL MEAN A PROGRAM THAT OPERATES ON ROUTES DESIGNATED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION OF A CITY THAT ESTABLISHES SUCH A DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL OPERATE ON ROUTES RECEIVING IMPROVEMENTS AS PART OF SUCH PROGRAM. SUCH IMPROVEMENTS SHALL INCLUDE UPGRADED SIGNAGE AND ENHANCED MARKINGS OF THE TRAFFIC LANES DESIGNATED FOR BUSES, AND MAY INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO, SIGNALS THAT PROLONG THE GREEN PHASE FOR APPROACHING BUSES, OFF-BOARD FARE COLLECTION, AND OTHER SIMILAR IMPROVEMENTS.

(D) A CERTIFICATE, SWORN TO OR AFFIRMED BY A TECHNICIAN EMPLOYED BY THE CITY IN WHICH THE CHARGED VIOLATION OCCURRED OR ITS VENDOR OR CONTRACTOR, OR A FACSIMILE THEREOF, BASED UPON INSPECTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES PRODUCED BY A BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICE, SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN. ANY PHOTOGRAPHS, MICROPHOTOGRAPHS, VIDEOTAPE OR OTHER RECORDED IMAGES EVIDENCING SUCH A VIOLATION SHALL BE AVAILABLE FOR INSPECTION IN ANY PROCEEDING TO ADJUDICATE THE LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION.

(E) AN OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION IMPOSED ON ANY ROUTE WITHIN A BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM SHALL BE LIABLE FOR MONETARY PENALTIES IN ACCORDANCE WITH A SCHEDULE OF FINES AND PENALTIES PROMULGATED BY THE PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OF SUCH CITY; PROVIDED, HOWEVER, THAT THE MONETARY PENALTY FOR VIOLATING A BUS LANE RESTRICTION SHALL NOT EXCEED ONE HUNDRED FIFTEEN DOLLARS; PROVIDED, FURTHER, THAT AN OWNER SHALL BE LIABLE FOR AN ADDI TIONAL PENALTY NOT TO EXCEED TWENTY-FIVE DOLLARS FOR EACH VIOLATION FOR THE FAILURE TO RESPOND TO A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME PERIOD.

(F) AN IMPOSITION OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE DEEMED A CONVICTION OF AN OPERATOR AND SHALL NOT BE MADE PART OF THE OPERATING RECORD OF THE PERSON UPON WHOM SUCH LIABILITY IS IMPOSED, NOR SHALL IT BE USED FOR INSURANCE PURPOSES IN THE PROVISION OF MOTOR VEHICLE INSURANCE COVERAGE.

(G) 1. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO EACH PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION. PERSONAL DELIVERY TO THE OWNER SHALL NOT BE REQUIRED. A MANUAL OR AUTOMATIC RECORD OF MAILING PREPARED IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF BUSINESS SHALL BE PRIMA FACIE EVIDENCE OF THE FACTS CONTAINED THEREIN.

2. A NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN THE NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE PERSON ALLEGED TO BE LIABLE AS AN OWNER FOR A VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION, THE REGISTRATION NUMBER OF THE VEHICLE INVOLVED IN SUCH VIOLATION, THE LOCATION WHERE SUCH VIOLATION TOOK PLACE, THE DATE AND TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION AND THE IDENTIFICATION NUMBER OF THE BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICE WHICH RECORDED THE VIOLATION OR OTHER DOCUMENT LOCATOR NUMBER.

3. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL CONTAIN INFORMATION ADVISING THE PERSON CHARGED OF THE MANNER AND THE TIME IN WHICH HE OR SHE MAY CONTEST THE LIABILITY ALLEGED IN THE NOTICE. SUCH NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL ALSO CONTAIN A WARNING TO ADVISE THE PERSONS CHARGED THAT FAILURE TO CONTEST IN THE MANNER AND TIME PROVIDED SHALL BE DEEMED AN ADMISSION OF LIABILITY AND THAT A DEFAULT JUDGMENT MAY BE ENTERED THEREON.

4. THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY SHALL BE PREPARED AND MAILED BY THE AGENCY OR AGENCIES DESIGNATED BY SUCH CITY.

(H) IF AN OWNER OF A VEHICLE RECEIVES A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION FOR ANY TIME PERIOD DURING WHICH SUCH VEHICLE WAS REPORTED TO THE POLICE DEPARTMENT AS HAVING BEEN STOLEN, IT SHALL BE A VALID DEFENSE TO AN ALLEGATION OF LIABILITY FOR A VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION THAT THE VEHICLE HAD BEEN REPORTED TO THE POLICE AS STOLEN PRIOR TO THE TIME THE VIOLATION OCCURRED AND HAD NOT BEEN RECOVERED BY SUCH TIME. FOR PURPOSES OF ASSERTING THE DEFENSE PROVIDED BY THIS SUBDIVISION IT SHALL BE SUFFICIENT THAT AN ORIGINAL INCIDENT FORM ISSUED BY THE POLICE ON THE STOLEN VEHICLE BE SENT BY FIRST CLASS MAIL TO THE PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU OF SUCH CITY.

(I) 1. AN OWNER WHO IS A LESSOR OF A VEHICLE TO WHICH A NOTICE OF LIABILITY WAS ISSUED PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR THE VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION, PROVIDED THAT:
(I) PRIOR TO THE VIOLATION, THE LESSOR HAS FILED WITH SUCH PARKING VIOLATIONS BUREAU IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION TWO HUNDRED THIRTY-NINE OF THIS CHAPTER; AND
(II) WITHIN THIRTY-SEVEN DAYS AFTER RECEIVING NOTICE FROM SUCH BUREAU OF THE DATE AND TIME OF A LIABILITY, TOGETHER WITH THE OTHER INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE ORIGINAL NOTICE OF LIABILITY, THE LESSOR SUBMITS TO SUCH BUREAU THE CORRECT NAME AND ADDRESS OF THE LESSEE OF THE VEHICLE IDENTIFIED IN THE NOTICE OF LIABILITY AT THE TIME OF SUCH VIOLATION, TOGETHER WITH SUCH OTHER ADDITIONAL INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THE RENTAL, LEASE OR OTHER CONTRACT DOCUMENT, AS MAY BE REASONABLY REQUIRED BY SUCH BUREAU PURSUANT TO REGULATIONS THAT MAY BE PROMULGATED FOR SUCH PURPOSE.
2. FAILURE TO COMPLY WITH SUBPARAGRAPH (II) OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION SHALL RENDER THE OWNER LIABLE FOR THE PENALTY PRESCRIBED IN THIS SECTION.
3. WHERE THE LESSOR COMPLIES WITH THE PROVISIONS OF PARAGRAPH ONE OF THIS SUBDIVISION, THE LESSEE OF SUCH VEHICLE ON THE DATE OF SUCH VIOLATION SHALL BE DEEMED TO BE THE OWNER OF SUCH VEHICLE FOR PURPOSES OF THIS SECTION, SHALL BE SUBJECT TO LIABILITY FOR SUCH VIOLATION PURSUANT TO THIS SECTION AND SHALL BE SENT A NOTICE OF LIABILITY PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (G) OF THIS SECTION.

(J) IF THE OWNER LIABLE FOR A VIOLATION OF A BUS LANE RESTRICTION WAS NOT THE OPERATOR OF THE VEHICLE AT THE TIME OF THE VIOLATION, THE OWNER MAY MAINTAIN AN ACTION FOR INDEMNIFICATION AGAINST THE OPERATOR.

(K) NOTHING IN THIS SECTION SHALL BE CONSTRUED TO LIMIT THE LIABILITY OF AN OPERATOR OF A VEHICLE FOR ANY VIOLATION OF BUS LANE RESTRICTIONS.

(L) ANY CITY THAT ADOPTS A BUS RAPID TRANSIT AND BUS MOBILITY DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM PURSUANT TO SUBDIVISION (A) OF THIS SECTION SHALL SUBMIT A REPORT ON THE RESULTS OF THE USE OF BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICES TO THE GOVERNOR, THE TEMPORARY PRESIDENT OF THE SENATE AND THE SPEAKER OF THE ASSEMBLY BY APRIL FIRST, TWO THOUSAND THIRTEEN. SUCH REPORT SHALL INCLUDE, BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO:

1. A DESCRIPTION OF THE LOCATIONS AND/OR BUSES WHERE BUS LANE PHOTO DEVICES WERE USED;
2. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS RECORDED ON A MONTHLY AND ANNUAL BASIS;
3. THE TOTAL NUMBER OF NOTICES OF LIABILITY ISSUED;
4. THE NUMBER OF FINES AND TOTAL AMOUNT OF FINES PAID AFTER FIRST NOTICE OF LIABILITY;
5. THE NUMBER OF VIOLATIONS ADJUDICATED AND RESULTS OF SUCH ADJUDICATIONS INCLUDING BREAKDOWNS OF DISPOSITIONS MADE;
6. THE TOTAL AMOUNT OF REVENUE REALIZED BY SUCH CITY; AND
7. QUALITY OF THE ADJUDICATION PROCESS AND ITS RESULTS.